![]() ![]() ![]() Typically, the platelet count falls 5–14 days after heparin is first given if someone has received heparin in the previous three months, the fall in platelet count may occur sooner, sometimes within a day. Most people with HIT, therefore, do not experience any symptoms. However, it is generally not low enough to lead to an increased risk of bleeding. ![]() In HIT, the platelet count in the blood falls below the normal range, a condition called thrombocytopenia. Commonly used low molecular weight heparins are enoxaparin, dalteparin, nadroparin and tinzaparin. It exists in two main forms: an "unfractionated" form that can be injected under the skin (subcutaneously) or through an intravenous infusion, and a "low molecular weight" form that is generally given subcutaneously. Heparin may be used for both prevention and the treatment of thrombosis. While heparin was discovered in the 1930s, HIT was not reported until the 1960s. Several alternatives are available for this purpose mainly used are danaparoid, fondaparinux, argatroban, and bivalirudin. The treatment of HIT requires stopping heparin treatment, and both protection from thrombosis and choice of an agent that will not reduce the platelet count any further. If someone receiving heparin develops new or worsening thrombosis, or if the platelet count falls, HIT can be confirmed with specific blood tests. HIT is caused by the formation of abnormal antibodies that activate platelets, which release microparticles that activate thrombin, leading to thrombosis. When thrombosis is identified the condition is called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis ( HITT). HIT predisposes to thrombosis (the abnormal formation of blood clots inside a blood vessel). Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia ( HIT) is the development of thrombocytopenia (a low platelet count), due to the administration of various forms of heparin, an anticoagulant. Medical condition Heparin-induced thrombocytopeniaĪ schematic drawing of platelet factor 4, which when bound to heparin leads to an immune response in HIT ![]()
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